The 3D printing (3DP) process was patented in 1986; however, only in the last decade has it begun to be used for medical applications, as well as in the fields of prosthetics, bio-fabrication, and pharmaceutical printing. 3DP or additive manufacturing (AM) is a family of technologies that implement layer-by-layer processes in order to fabricate physical models based on a computer aided design (CAD) model. 3D printing permits the fabrication of high degrees of complexity with great reproducibility in a fast and cost-effective fashion. 3DP technology offers a new paradigm for the direct manufacture of individual dosage forms and has the potential to allow for variations in size and geometry as well as control dose and release behavior. Furthermore, the low cost and ease of use of 3DP systems means that the possibility of manufacturing medicines and medical devices at the point of dispensing or at the point of use could become a reality. 3DP thus offers the perfect innovative manufacturing route to address the critical capability gap that hinders the widespread exploitation of personalized medicines for molecules that are currently not easy to deliver. This Special Issue will address new developments in the area of 3D printing and bioprinting for drug delivery applications, covering the recent advantages and future directions of additive manufacturing for pharmaceutical products.

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This reprint, "Advances in Sustainable Polymeric Materials II”, contains 16 studies and further cutting-edge research that illustrate how these challenges can be addressed through the use of advanced materials, sustainable polymers, and green technologies. It highlights the importance of efficient catalysts, bio-based materials, and green chemical processes and demonstrates how cellulose derivatives and other natural materials can be integrated into polymer compositions. The reprint also explores the use of electrospun membranes and reactive eutectic solvents for greener methods of wastewater treatment and material synthesis, and the potential of agri-food waste and biomaterials for fully bio-based polymer coatings and materials. It also discusses the stabilization and preservation of natural extracts and active ingredients, showcasing the importance of encapsulation and nanotechnology in preserving these substances' beneficial properties. Each chapter provides detailed insight into how natural resources can be harnessed to create high-performance products while maintaining a strong commitment to environmental protection. These innovations not only improve the performance of materials but also contribute to reducing the ecological footprint of industrial processes.

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In recent years, there has been rapid growth in the availability of innovative, non-combustible products, including oral tobacco-derived nicotine (OTDN) products, heated tobacco products (HTPs), and electronic cigarettes (also referred to as e-vapor products; EVPs). Industry, academic, and government researchers are developing and validating analytical methods to extract, separate, identify, and quantitate a variety of analytes from these innovative tobacco products using a wide range of analytical techniques. These analytes include constituents such as nicotine, degradants and impurities, flavors, non-tobacco ingredients, HPHCs, and other currently unknown constituents. In this Special Issue, we received nine contributions that covered the latest analytical methods that have been developed and applied for the chemical characterization or exposure assessment to tobacco product constituents of innovative non-combustible products. This Special Issue is representative of the importance of analytical sciences research in characterizing innovative non-combustible products for guiding product design, determining relative product performance, ensuring consistency during the manufacturing process, informing toxicological risk assessment, and enabling regulatory reporting. The current advances in the development and applications of the analytical methods reported in this Special Issue can be used to inform the harm reduction potential of innovative non-combustible products for adult smokers.

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